{"id":60,"date":"2024-04-04T08:53:25","date_gmt":"2024-04-04T05:53:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/biogymnaasium\/1-rakuteooria-pohiseisukohad\/"},"modified":"2024-04-04T08:54:44","modified_gmt":"2024-04-04T05:54:44","slug":"1-rakuteooria-pohiseisukohad","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/biogymnaasium\/1-rakuteooria-pohiseisukohad\/","title":{"rendered":"1. Rakuteooria p\u00f5hiseisukohad"},"content":{"rendered":"<blockquote>\n<p id=\"yui_3_17_2_1_1689775680169_49\">\n\t\t<strong>Rakuteooria p\u00f5hiseisukohad:<\/strong>\n\t<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>\n\t\t\tK\u00f5ik organismid koosnevad rakkudest.\n\t\t<\/li>\n<li>\n\t\t\tRakul on olemas k\u00f5ik elu tunnused.\n\t\t<\/li>\n<li>\n\t\t\tUued rakud tekivad ainult olemasolevate rakkude jagunemisel.\n\t\t<\/li>\n<li>\n\t\t\tRakkude ehitus ja talitlus on omavahel koosk\u00f5las.\u00a0\n\t\t<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h4>\n\t1.\u00a0K\u00f5ik organismid koosnevad rakkudest<br>\n<\/h4>\n<p>\n\tRakk on iga organismi v\u00e4ikseim osa, millel on k\u00f5ik elu tunnused. Raku ehitusest s\u00f5ltuvalt saab organisme jagada \u00fche- ja hulkrakseteks\u00a0ning organismide kuulumine erinevatesse\u00a0eluslooduse riikidesse s\u00f5ltub nende rakkude ehitusest.<br>Vastavalt rakut\u00fc\u00fcpidele\u00a0saab organisme jagada j\u00e4rgmiselt:\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t<img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1155\" height=\"661\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-373\" src=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/647\/organismide_skeem.jpg\" title=\"Organismide skeem\" alt=\"Organismide skeem\" srcset=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/647\/organismide_skeem.jpg 1155w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/647\/organismide_skeem-300x172.jpg 300w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/647\/organismide_skeem-1024x586.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/647\/organismide_skeem-768x440.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1155px) 100vw, 1155px\">\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\u00a0\n<\/p>\n<h4>\n\t2. Rakul on olemas k\u00f5ik elu tunnused<br>\n<\/h4>\n<p>\n\tRakul on k\u00f5ik elutunnused, st, et rakk on<strong>\u00a0keeruka struktuuriga,\u00a0<\/strong>mis v\u00f5imaldab tal tegeleda\u00a0<strong>aine- ja energiavahetusega<\/strong>, rakk\u00a0<strong>paljuneb,<\/strong>\u00a0<strong>kasvab\u00a0<\/strong>ning\u00a0<strong>areneb<\/strong>. Rakk peab\u00a0<strong>kohanema keskkonnatingimustega<\/strong>,<br>millele ta reageerib,\u00a0 rakk suudab hoida kuju ja vajadusel liigutada, Rakk sisaldab<strong>\u00a0DNA<\/strong>-d, mille ta annab t\u00fctarrakkudele edasi ning seet\u00f5ttu<strong>\u00a0evolutsioneerub<\/strong>\u00a0ning iga rakk l\u00f5petab mingil hetkel elutegevuse ehk\u00a0<strong>sureb<\/strong>.<br>K\u00f5iki neid elu tunnuseid aitavad rakul ellu viia tema organellid, mis analoogselt hulkraksete organismide organite ja organs\u00fcsteemidega tagavad k\u00f5ik raku elutegevuseks vajalikud funktsioonid.\u00a0\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\u00a0\n<\/p>\n<h4>\n\t3. Uued rakud tekivad ainult olemasolevate rakkude jagunemisel<br>\n<\/h4>\n<p>\n\tRakkude elutegevust juhib p\u00e4rilikkuse aines DNA-s sisalduv info, mis eksisteerib ainult elusates rakkudes ja mida antakse j\u00e4rgmisele raku p\u00f5lvkonnale edasi rakkude pooldumise teel. Rakkude pooldumine v\u00f5imaldab rakkudel ja organismidel kasvada ja arendada k\u00f5iki teisi elu tunnuseid vastavalt vanematelt saadud geneetilisele materjalile.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\u00a0\n<\/p>\n<h4>\n\t4.\u00a0Rakkude ehitus ja talitlus on omavahel koosk\u00f5las<br>\n<\/h4>\n<p>\n\tHulkraksetel organismidel on tekkinud t\u00f6\u00f6jaotus erinevate rakkude vahel, mis t\u00e4idavad vastavalt oma erinevale ehitusele erinevaid \u00fclesandeid, seega on rakud diferentseerunud (eristunud) vastavalt nende \u00fclesannetele, mida nad raku elutegevuses t\u00e4idavad.\u00a0\u00dchesuguse ehituse ja talitlusega rakud moodustavad kudesid, \u00fchesuguse talitlusega koed moodustavad organeid ja need omakorda sama \u00fclesandega organs\u00fcsteeme, millest moodustuvad organismid vastavalt varem kirjeldatud elu organisatsiooni tasemetele.\n<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\u00a0\n<\/p>\n<blockquote>\n<p>\n\t\t<strong>T\u00e4iendav info ja harjutus\u00fclesanded<\/strong>\n\t<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\tRaku ehituse ja talitluse terviklikkus:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/vara.e-koolikott.ee\/taxonomy\/term\/2517\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/vara.e-koolikott.ee\/taxonomy\/term\/2517<\/a><br>Peamised inimkoed:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/vara.e-koolikott.ee\/taxonomy\/term\/2515\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/vara.e-koolikott.ee\/taxonomy\/term\/2515<\/a><br>Rakuteooria p\u00f5hiseisukohad ja uurimislugu:\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=mfvtZpsIrqc\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=mfvtZpsIrqc<\/a>\n\t<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\t<strong>Vaata\u00a0 videot<\/strong>\n\t<\/p>\n<p>\n\t\tK\u00f5ik organismid koosnevad rakkudest:\u00a0<a href=\"http:\/\/%20www.youtube.com\/watch?v%20=gFuEo2ccTPA\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/ www.youtube.com\/watch?v =gFuEo2ccTPA<\/a>\n\t<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<p>\n\t\u00a0\n<\/p>\n<div id=\"gtx-trans\" style=\"position: absolute;left: -95px;top: -11px\">\n<div class=\"gtx-trans-icon\">\n\t\t\u00a0\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Rakuteooria p\u00f5hiseisukohad: K\u00f5ik organismid koosnevad rakkudest. Rakul on olemas k\u00f5ik elu tunnused. Uued rakud tekivad ainult olemasolevate rakkude jagunemisel. Rakkude ehitus ja talitlus on omavahel koosk\u00f5las.\u00a0 1.\u00a0K\u00f5ik organismid koosnevad rakkudest Rakk on iga organismi v\u00e4ikseim osa, millel on k\u00f5ik elu &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":319,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-60","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/biogymnaasium\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/60","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/biogymnaasium\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/biogymnaasium\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/biogymnaasium\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/319"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/biogymnaasium\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=60"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/biogymnaasium\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/60\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":447,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/biogymnaasium\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/60\/revisions\/447"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/biogymnaasium\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=60"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}