{"id":11,"date":"2025-03-28T10:41:14","date_gmt":"2025-03-28T08:41:14","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/arst-sisseastumiseksam\/?page_id=11"},"modified":"2025-04-11T11:34:29","modified_gmt":"2025-04-11T08:34:29","slug":"keemia-sisseastumiseksam-eng","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/arst-sisseastumiseksam\/en\/keemia-sisseastumiseksam-eng\/","title":{"rendered":"Chemistry Test"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>The chemistry test is based on the compulsory chemistry courses of the Estonian curriculum of upper secondary school.\u00a0<\/p>\n\n\n<div class=\"accordion-block mb-3\">\n\t\t<div class=\"accordion \" id=\"accordion-accordion-69e25db79b4b5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69e25db79b4b5-heading-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69e25db79b4b5-collapse-1\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69e25db79b4b5-collapse-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t1. General chemistry\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"accordion-69e25db79b4b5-collapse-1\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69e25db79b4b5-heading-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li>The development of chemistry as a science. Physical and chemical research methods in Chemistry. Chemistry-related career-choices.<\/li>\n<li>Structure of matter. Modern understanding of the structure of atom. Information in the periodic table and interpreting it. Types of chemical bonds. Hydrogen bond. Intermolecular forces. The relationship between the physical properties of a matter and the structure of a matter.<\/li>\n<li>Why and how do chemical reactions occur? Reaction activation energy, active collisions. Exothermic and endothermic reactions. The rate of a chemical reaction and factors influencing the reaction rate. Chemical equilibrium and its shifting (the Le Chatelier principle).<\/li>\n<li>Dissolution process, chemical reactions in solutions. Dissolution process of substances. Electrolytes and non-electrolytes; strong and weak electrolytes. Protolytic theory of acids and bases. Molar concentration. Interionic reactions in solutions, the conditions of their course. pH. Environment (pH) in the solution of a hydrolysing salt.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"accordion-block mb-3\">\n\t\t<div class=\"accordion \" id=\"accordion-accordion-69e25db79bad6\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69e25db79bad6-heading-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69e25db79bad6-collapse-1\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69e25db79bad6-collapse-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t2. Inorganic chemistry \n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"accordion-69e25db79bad6-collapse-1\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69e25db79bad6-heading-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li>Metals. Overview of the characteristic physical and chemical properties of metals. Comparison of the chemical activity of metals; activity series of metals. Metals and their compounds in everyday life and nature. Redox processes related to metals: producing metals from ore, electrolysis, corrosion, galvanic cells (without requiring reaction equations). Taking into account reaction yield and additivities in molar calculations based on a reaction equation.<\/li>\n<li>Non-metals. Overview of the physical and chemical properties of non-metals depending on the position of the element in the periodic table. Comparison of the chemical activity of non-metals. Overview of some non-metals and their compounds (chosen freely, on the example of natural and\/or industrial processes).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"accordion-block mb-3\">\n\t\t<div class=\"accordion \" id=\"accordion-accordion-69e25db79c3b2\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69e25db79c3b2-heading-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69e25db79c3b2-collapse-1\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69e25db79c3b2-collapse-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t3. Organic chemistry\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"accordion-69e25db79c3b2-collapse-1\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69e25db79c3b2-heading-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<ul>\n<li>Hydrocarbons and their derivates. Structure of carbon compounds and the ways of describing it. Alkanes, nomenclature principles, isomerism. Dependence of physical properties of substituted alkanes (halogen compounds, alcohols, primary amines) on their structure. Comparison of the chemical properties of unsaturated and aromatic hydrocarbons and alkanes. Chain-growth polymerisation. Hydrocarbons and their derivates in nature and industry.<\/li>\n<li>Organic substances around us. Aldehydes as the oxidation products of alcohols. Substituted carboxylic acids (amino acids, hydroxy acids) and functional derivates of carboxylic acids (esters, amides). Polycondensation. Organic compounds in living organisms: fats, saccharides, proteins.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\n<p>Curricula for<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ut.ee\/sites\/default\/files\/2024-04\/eng_upper_secondary_nat_cur_2014_appendix_4_final_CHEMISTRY.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">upper secondary school<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u00a0(courses: \u201eFundamentals of Chemistry\u201c, \u201eInorganic substances\u201c<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">, and<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> \u201e Organic compounds\u201c) and<\/span><\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/ut.ee\/sites\/default\/files\/2024-04\/eng_basic_school_nat_cur_2014_appendix_4_final_CHEMISTRY.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span data-contrast=\"none\">basic school<\/span><\/a><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The chemistry test contains different types of questions and tasks. The applicants can use the periodic table, activity series of metals and the solubility table (the applicant can use them in the test environment).<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The sample exercises give an idea of the format in which questions will appear in the exam. The exam questions are based on four main topics:<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">general chemistry,<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">inorganic chemistry,<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">organic chemistry, and<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span data-contrast=\"auto\">calculation-based tasks.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Each topic makes up approximately one-quarter of the entire Chemistry test.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Please find here a \u202f<\/span><\/b><a href=\"https:\/\/ut.ee\/sites\/default\/files\/2023-12\/Keemia_sisseastumiseksam_n%C3%A4idist%C3%B6%C3%B6_ENG.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Chemistry sample test<\/span><\/b><\/a><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Please find here a\u202f <\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"auto\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/900\/Periodic-table.pdf\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">Periodic table, activity series of metals and the solubility table<\/a><\/strong>.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">The atomic masses of the elements in the attached periodic table of elements must be used in the calculations. For example:\u202f<\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">r<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">(H) = 1,\u202f\u202f\u202f<\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">r<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">(O) = 16 and\u202f<\/span><i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A<\/span><\/i><span data-contrast=\"auto\">r<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\">(Cl) = 35<\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">.5<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n\n\n<blockquote class=\"wp-block-quote is-layout-flow wp-block-quote-is-layout-flow\">\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center\">Note! Some exercises contain multiple sub-tasks, which are placed on separate pages.\u00a0<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading has-text-align-center\">SAMPLE EXERCISES<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:5%\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:900px\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Exercise<\/strong> 1<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>To view third-party content, please accept cookies.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Change consent<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Exercise<\/strong> 2A<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>To view third-party content, please accept cookies.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Change consent<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Exercise<\/strong> 2B<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>To view third-party content, please accept cookies.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Change consent<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Exercise<\/strong> 3<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>To view third-party content, please accept cookies.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Change consent<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Exercise<\/strong> 4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>To view third-party content, please accept cookies.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Change consent<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Exercise<\/strong> 5<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>To view third-party content, please accept cookies.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Change consent<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Exercise<\/strong> 6<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<h4 class=\"wp-block-heading\">Select the appropriate name of the compound, structural formula and\/or class of organic compound that corresponds to the given source information, which is missing from the data. Determine whether hydrogen bonding occurs in this substance.\u00a0<\/h4>\n\n\n\n<p><strong><em>Click on the correct answers.<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>To view third-party content, please accept cookies.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Change consent<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Exercise<\/strong> 7<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>To view third-party content, please accept cookies.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Change consent<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Exercise<\/strong> 8<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>To view third-party content, please accept cookies.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Change consent<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Exercise<\/strong> 9<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>To view third-party content, please accept cookies.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Change consent<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"accordion-block mb-3\">\n\t\t<div class=\"accordion \" id=\"accordion-accordion-69e25db7a0c3d\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69e25db7a0c3d-heading-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69e25db7a0c3d-collapse-1\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69e25db7a0c3d-collapse-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tView the solution\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"accordion-69e25db7a0c3d-collapse-1\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69e25db7a0c3d-heading-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>A.<\/strong> Calculate the amount of oxygen atoms (in moles)<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0a) <\/strong>In 44.8 dm\u00b3 of nitrogen dioxide gas (STP: 1 atm and 0 \u00b0C).<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>n<\/em>(NO<sub>2<\/sub>) = <em>V <\/em>\/<em>V<\/em><sub>m<\/sub> = 44.8 dm<sup>3<\/sup>\/(22.4 dm<sup>3<\/sup>\/mol) = 2 mol<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">1 mol NO<sub>2<\/sub> \u00a0 \u21d4\u00a0 \u00a02 mol O<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>n<\/em>(O) = 2<em>n<\/em>(NO<sub>2<\/sub>) = 2 \u22c5 2 mol = 4 mol<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong>Answer<\/strong>: 44.8 dm\u00b3 of nitrogen dioxide contains 4 moles of oxygen atoms.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0b)<\/strong> In 426 g of aluminium nitrate.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>M<\/em>(Al(NO<sub>3<\/sub>)<sub>3<\/sub>) = 213 g\/mol<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>n<\/em>(Al(NO<sub>3<\/sub>)<sub>3<\/sub>) = <em>m <\/em>\/<em>M<\/em> = 426 g\/(213 g\/mol) = 2 mol<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">1 mol Al(NO<sub>3<\/sub>)<sub>3<\/sub> \u00a0 \u21d4\u00a0 \u00a09 mol O<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>n<\/em>(O) = 9<em>n<\/em>(Al(NO<sub>3<\/sub>)<sub>3<\/sub>) = 9 \u22c5 2 mol = 18 mol<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong>Answer<\/strong>: 426 g of aluminium nitrate contains\u00a018 moles of oxygen atoms.<\/p>\n<p><strong>B.<\/strong> Which contains a smaller amount of oxygen: 1 mole of nitrogen dioxide or 1 mole of aluminium nitrate?<\/p>\n<p><strong>Answer<\/strong>: 1 mole of nitrogen dioxide contains smaller amount of oxygen.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Justification:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">NO<sub>2<\/sub>:\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a01 mol NO<sub>2<\/sub> \u00a0 \u21d4\u00a0 \u00a02 mol O<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">Al(NO<sub>3<\/sub>)<sub>3<\/sub>:\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 1 mol Al(NO<sub>3<\/sub>)<sub>3<\/sub> \u00a0 \u21d4\u00a0 \u00a09 mol O<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0 2 mol O\u00a0\u00a0 &lt;\u00a0\u00a0 9 mol O<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Exercise<\/strong> 10<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>To view third-party content, please accept cookies.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Change consent<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"accordion-block mb-3\">\n\t\t<div class=\"accordion \" id=\"accordion-accordion-69e25db7a1079\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69e25db7a1079-heading-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69e25db7a1079-collapse-1\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69e25db7a1079-collapse-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tView the solution\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"accordion-69e25db7a1079-collapse-1\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69e25db7a1079-heading-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>A.<\/strong> Calculate how many moles of ethylene glycol are contained in 1.00 dm\u00b3 of fresh antifreeze (i.e. find the molar concentration of a 35.0% ethylene glycol solution). The dependence of the solution\u2019s density on mass percent is shown in the graph.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>\u03c1<\/em>(35% solution) = 1.043 g\/cm<sup>3<\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>m<\/em>(35% solution) = <em>m <\/em>\u2219 <em>V<\/em> = 1.00 dm<sup>3 <\/sup>\u2219 1000 cm<sup>3<\/sup>\/1 dm<sup>3<\/sup> \u2219 1.043 g\/cm<sup>3<\/sup> = 1043 g<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>m<\/em>(ethylene glycol) = 0.350 \u2219 1043 g = 365 g<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>M<\/em>(CH<sub>2<\/sub>(OH)CH<sub>2<\/sub>(OH)) = 62 g\/mol<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>n<\/em>(ethylene glycol) = <em>m <\/em>\/<em>M<\/em> = 365 g\/(62 g\/mol) = 5.89 mol<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>c<\/em>(ethylene glycol) = <em>n <\/em>\/<em>V<\/em> = 5,89 mol\/1,00 dm<sup>3<\/sup> = 5.89 mol\/dm<sup>3<\/sup><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> 1.00 dm\u00b3 of fresh antifreeze contains 5,89 moles of ethylene glycol.<\/p>\n<p><strong>B.<\/strong> During use, 120\u00a0cm\u00b3 of water evaporated from the coolant described in part\u00a0<strong>A<\/strong>. Calculate the mass percent of ethylene glycol in the coolant after partial evaporation of water.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>m<\/em>(<span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW21911849 BCX0\">evaporated<\/span> <span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW21911849 BCX0\">water<\/span>) = 120 g\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0(<em>\u03c1<\/em>(vesi) = 1,00 g\/cm<sup>3<\/sup>)<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>m<\/em>(<span class=\"TextRun SCXW209785316 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW209785316 BCX0\">used coolant<\/span><\/span>) = 1043 g \u2013 120 g = 923 g<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">%(<span class=\"TextRun SCXW61024667 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW61024667 BCX0\">ethylene glycol in used coolant<\/span><\/span>) = 365 g\/923 g \u2219 100 = 39.5<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong>Answer:\u00a0<\/strong>The used coolant contains 39.5 mass percent of ethylene glycol.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n\n\n\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><strong>Exercise<\/strong> 11<\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><div class=\"video-placeholder-wrapper video-placeholder-wrapper--fixed\" style=\"height: 366px;\">\n\t\t\t    <div class=\"video-placeholder d-flex justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t        <div class=\"overlay text-white p-2 w-100 text-center d-block justify-content-center align-items-center\">\n\t\t\t            <div>To view third-party content, please accept cookies.<\/div>\n\t\t\t            <button class=\"btn btn-secondary btn-sm mt-1 consent-change\">Change consent<\/button>\n\t\t\t        <\/div>\n\t\t\t    <\/div>\n\t\t\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n<div class=\"accordion-block mb-3\">\n\t\t<div class=\"accordion \" id=\"accordion-accordion-69e25db7a13c5\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-item accordion-item--white\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"accordion-header\" id=\"accordion-69e25db7a13c5-heading-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<button class=\"accordion-button collapsed\" type=\"button\" data-bs-toggle=\"collapse\" data-bs-target=\"#accordion-69e25db7a13c5-collapse-1\" aria-expanded=\"true\" aria-controls=\"accordion-69e25db7a13c5-collapse-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\tView the solution\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/button>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/h2>\n\t\t\t\t\t<div id=\"accordion-69e25db7a13c5-collapse-1\" class=\"accordion-collapse collapse \" aria-labelledby=\"accordion-69e25db7a13c5-heading-1\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"accordion-body\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<p><strong>A. a) <\/strong>Calculate how many moles of phosphoric acid were produced in the reaction if 12.0% of the P\u2084O\u2081\u2080 did not react.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">P<sub>4<\/sub>O<sub>10<\/sub> \u00a0\u00a0+ \u00a0\u00a06 H<sub>2<\/sub>O\u00a0 \u00a0= \u00a0\u00a04 H<sub>3<\/sub>PO<sub>4<\/sub><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW1948202 BCX0\">Identify<\/span><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW1948202 BCX0\"> the reagent in excess.<\/span><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">1 mol P<sub>4<\/sub>O<sub>10<\/sub> \u00a0 \u21d4\u00a0 6 mol H<sub>2<\/sub>O<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>n<\/em>(H<sub>2<\/sub>O) = 6\/1 \u2219 15 mol = 90 mol &lt; 100 mol\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0<strong> <span class=\"TextRun SCXW223105209 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW223105209 BCX0\">Water is in excess<\/span><\/span>.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\">1 mol P<sub>4<\/sub>O<sub>10<\/sub> \u00a0 \u21d4\u00a0 \u00a04 mol H<sub>3<\/sub>PO<sub>4<\/sub><\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>n<\/em>(P<sub>4<\/sub>O<sub>10<\/sub>\u00a0<span class=\"TextRun SCXW148158285 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW148158285 BCX0\">reacted)<\/span><\/span> = 15.0 mol \u2219 (1 \u2013 0.120) = 13.2 mol<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>n<\/em>(H<sub>3<\/sub>PO<sub>4<\/sub>) =\u00a0 4\/1 \u2219 13.2 mol = 52.8 mol<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong>Answer:\u00a0<\/strong>The amount of product formed was 52.8 moles.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u00a0 \u00a0 \u00a0b) <\/strong>Calculate the reaction yield percentage based on the initial amount of phosphorus(V) oxide.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em><span class=\"TextRun SCXW143138450 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW143138450 BCX0\">Yield<\/span><\/span><\/em> = 100% \u2212 12.0% = 88.0%<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> The reaction yield was 88.0 %.<\/p>\n<p><strong>B.<\/strong> Calculate how many moles of water remained unreacted.<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>n<\/em>(<span class=\"TextRun SCXW238319277 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW238319277 BCX0\">water reacted<\/span><\/span>) =\u00a0 6\/1 \u2219 13.2 mol = 79.2 mol<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><em>n<\/em>(<span class=\"TextRun SCXW161848801 BCX0\" lang=\"EN-GB\" xml:lang=\"EN-GB\" data-contrast=\"none\"><span class=\"NormalTextRun SCXW161848801 BCX0\">water unreacted<\/span><\/span>) = 100.0 mol \u2212 79.2 mol = 20.8 mol<\/p>\n<p style=\"padding-left: 40px;\"><strong>Answer:<\/strong> The amount of unreacted water was 20.8 moles.<\/p>\n\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:5%\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The chemistry test is based on the compulsory chemistry courses of the Estonian curriculum of upper secondary school.\u00a0 Curricula for upper secondary school\u00a0(courses: \u201eFundamentals of Chemistry\u201c, \u201eInorganic substances\u201c, and \u201e Organic compounds\u201c) and basic school.\u00a0 The chemistry test contains different &#8230;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-11","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/arst-sisseastumiseksam\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/arst-sisseastumiseksam\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/arst-sisseastumiseksam\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/arst-sisseastumiseksam\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/arst-sisseastumiseksam\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=11"}],"version-history":[{"count":24,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/arst-sisseastumiseksam\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":173,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/arst-sisseastumiseksam\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/11\/revisions\/173"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/arst-sisseastumiseksam\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=11"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}