{"id":48,"date":"2024-04-04T04:36:11","date_gmt":"2024-04-04T01:36:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/andmehaldus\/dokumenteerimine-ja-metaandmed-et\/"},"modified":"2024-04-16T17:02:16","modified_gmt":"2024-04-16T14:02:16","slug":"dokumenteerimine-ja-metaandmed-et","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/andmehaldus\/dokumenteerimine-ja-metaandmed-et\/?lang=en","title":{"rendered":"Documentation of Data and Metadata"},"content":{"rendered":"

\n\tDocumentation
\n<\/h3>\n

\n\tWorking with data should be documented at every stage starting from its collection up to the depositing of data for long-time storage. First, you need to decide, what will be documented in which format and who will be responsible for the process.\n<\/p>\n

\n\tAs the DMP is an official document, it is not necessary to repeat in detail the issues that will in any case be described in the DMP.\n<\/p>\n

\n

\n\t\tDocumentation is important when new researchers and doctoral students join the group. Precise documentation of the data helps to prevent its incorrect use and misunderstanding in the future, which is one of the researchers\u2019 greatest fear.\n\t<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\n\tFor example, metadata are added to your data in the course of work, but which standard to use and which fields on the standard to fill in has to be decided earlier and then followed throughout the course of the work. Similarly, the repository where to store the data after the end of the project should also be chosen at the start of the work, because not all repositories support all metadata standards. Subject repositories are able to support rarer subject-related standards.\n<\/p>\n

\n

\n\t\tDocumentation and adding of metadata is a process continuing all through the data cycle.\n\t<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\n\tThe University of Helsinki has published a great guide for documenting data during and after the study:<\/span><\/span><\/font><\/font>\n<\/div>\n
\n\tSiiri Fuchs, & Mari Elisa Kuusniemi. (2018). Making a research project understandable \u2013 Guide for data documentation (1.2). Zenodo.\u00a0https:\/\/doi.org\/10.5281\/zenodo.1914401<\/a>\n<\/div>\n
\n\tPlease pay attention, that the link takes you to the Zenodo repository. This way you can always find the latest version of the document.\u00a0\n<\/div>\n

\n\tMetadata
\n<\/h3>\n
\n

\n\t\tMetadata are the data about data. Metadata set research data into context and enable to identify its origin.\n\t<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n

\n\tThe aim of metadata is to make the data searchable, understandable and usable also in the future<\/strong> without requiring additional explanations about the dataset. Metadata describe the research data and enable making searches. You need to determine how to get the metadata (create it yourself, have it created automatically), where to store it and how to link it with your data.\n<\/p>\n

\n\tThe life cycle of metadata is part of the research data life cycle; it is not sufficient to create it once during the cycle, but it has to be done continuously, by systematically returning to the previous stages.\n<\/p>\n

\n\tThis process is characterised by the metadata spiral, which also differentiates between the metadata necessary for searching and finding data, and that necessary for understanding and reusing data.\n<\/p>\n

\n\t\"spiral\"\n<\/p>\n

\n\tHabermann, T. (2018). Metadata Life Cycles, Use Cases and Hierarchies. Geosciences, 8(5), 179. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.3390\/geosciences8050179<\/a>\n<\/p>\n

\n\tThere are three different types of metadata:\n<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. \n\t\tAdministrative metadata<\/strong> (about the project and responsibilities, management of access rights, licences, periods of embargo), with the objective of ensuring accessibility<\/strong> of the data.\n\t<\/li>\n
  2. \n\t\tTechnical and structural metadata<\/strong> (about hard- and software, authentication, encryption, data about the digitisation of its sources, structure of digital objects and the data set, codes, variables, etc.), with the objective of ensuring the interoperability of systems and reuse of the data.<\/strong>\n\t<\/li>\n
  3. \n\t\tDescriptive metadata,<\/strong> with the objective of ensuring the findability<\/strong>\u00a0and understandability<\/strong> of the data (DOI, bibliographic metadata).\u00a0\n\t<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    \n\t\"metadata.png\"\n<\/p>\n

    \n\tRiley, J.: Understanding Metadata: What is Metadata, and What is it For?: A Primer. NISO Press, Bethesda (2017)<\/a>\n<\/p>\n

    \n\tThe above chart illustrates the importance of the metadata of a data set with respect to the FAIR data. The task of the creator of a data set is to provide it with the metadata which would describe it and specify the related rights. Repositories have to ensure the interoperability of the data, deposited for a long-time storage, with other information systems.\u00a0\n<\/p>\n

    \n\tThere are numerous more general and also more subject-specific standards and frameworks of metadata, which prescribe the structure and data elements of metadata, taking into account the characteristics of the data collected on some specific subject.\n<\/p>\n

    \n\tMetadata frameworks and standards use verified ontologies and taxonomies. This means that it is not possible to enter whatever you want on many of the metadata fields which describe data elements, but you have to select the values among the predefined options in a verified ontology. Thus you can ensure the data exchange and interoperability.\n<\/p>\n

    \n\tIn Estonia, The\u00a0Estonian Subject Thesaurus<\/a>\u00a0as\u00a0a universal controlled vocabulary\u00a0for indexing and searching is considered as a standard.\u00a0\n<\/p>\n

    \n\tAnother good example coud be\u00a0\u00a0ELSST \u2013 European Language Social Science Thesaurus<\/a>.\n<\/p>\n

    \n\tInternet search can give you lists of subject-based standards.\n<\/p>\n

    \n\tMetadata Standards Catalog<\/a>\n<\/p>\n

    \n\t\u00a0\n<\/p>\n

    \n\tDataCite
    \n<\/h3>\n

    \n\tLet us have a closer look at one certain metadata framework.\n<\/p>\n

    \n\tUniversity of Tartu has joined the non-profit organisation DataCite <\/a>and the UT Library offers services and allocation, being one of the founding members of the consortium DataCite Estonia<\/a>. DataCite assigns the persistent identifier DOI to data sets and registers metadata. The UT Tartu data repository DataDOI is recognised by DataCite; all data sets uploaded to this repository are assigned DOIs and they are findable with DataCite search just due to the metadata.\n<\/p>\n

    \n\tThe DataCite metadata framework<\/a> divides metadata into three groups: obligatory, recommended and optional metadata.\u00a0\n<\/p>\n

    \n\tDescription of obligatory and recommended metadata:\u00a0\n<\/p>\n

    \n\t\"meta_man.png\"\n<\/p>\n

    \n\t\u00a0\n<\/p>\n

    \n\t\"meta_rec.png\"<\/strong>\n<\/p>\n

    \n\tMetadata are open for public even if the data set itself is, for some reason, not accessible for all. Metadata are persistent and their life cycle is longer than that of the data, which are described by this metadata.\n<\/p>\n

    \n

    \n\t\tThe larger the amount of metadata, the easier it is to find and interpret a dataset!\n\t<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    Documentation Working with data should be documented at every stage starting from its collection up to the depositing of data for long-time storage. First, you need to decide, what will be documented in which format and who will be responsible …<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":78,"featured_media":0,"parent":0,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"inline_featured_image":false,"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-48","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/andmehaldus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/48","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/andmehaldus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/andmehaldus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/andmehaldus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/78"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/andmehaldus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=48"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/andmehaldus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/48\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":316,"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/andmehaldus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/48\/revisions\/316"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sisu.ut.ee\/andmehaldus\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=48"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}